ASP.Net Interview Questions 1

June 17th, 2008admin
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  1. What do I need to create and run an ASP.NET application?
  • Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP.
  • ASP.NET, which can be either the redistributable (included in the .NET SDK) or Visual Studio .NET.
  1. Where can I download the .NET SDK?.NET SDK can be obtained here.(You have to install the Microsoft .NET Framework Version 1.1 Redistributable Package before installing the .NET SDK.)
  2. Are there any free IDEs for the .NET SDK?
    • Microsoft provides Visual Studio 2005 Express Edition Beta for free. Of particular interest to the ASP.NET developers would be the Visual Web Developer 2005 Express Edition Beta 2 available as a free download.
    • The ASP.NET Web Matrix Project (supported by Microsoft) is a free IDE for developing ASP.NET applications and is available here.
    • There is also a free open-source UNIX version of the Microsoft .NET development platform called Mono available for download here.
    • Another increasingly popular Open Source Development Environment for .NET is the #develop (short for SharpDevelop) available for download here.
  3. When was ASP.NET released?ASP.NET is a part of the .NET framework which was released as a software platform in 2002.
  4. Is a new version coming up?ASP.NET 2.0, Visual Studio 2005 (Whidbey), Visual Web Developer 2005 Express Edition are the next releases of Microsoft’s Web platform and tools. They have already been released as Beta versions. They are scheduled to be released in the week of November 7, 2005.
  5. Explain Namespace.Namespaces are logical groupings of names used within a program. There may be multiple namespaces in a single application code, grouped based on the identifiers’ use. The name of any given identifier must appear only once in its namespace.
  6. List the types of Authentication supported by ASP.NET.
    • Windows (default)
    • Forms
    • Passport
    • None (Security disabled)
  7. What is CLR?Common Language Runtime (CLR) is a run-time environment that manages the of .NET code and provides services like memory management, debugging, security, etc. The CLR is also known as Virtual System (VES).
  8. What is CLI?The CLI is a set of specifications for a runtime environment, including a common type system, base class library, and a machine-independent intermediate code known as the Common Intermediate Language (CIL). (Source: Wikipedia.)
  9. List the various stages of Page-Load lifecycle.
    • Init()
    • Load()
    • PreRender()
    • Unload()
  10. Explain Assembly and Manifest.An assembly is a collection of one or more files and one of them (DLL or EXE) contains a special metadata called Assembly Manifest. The manifest is stored as binary data and contains details like versioning requirements for the assembly, the author, security permissions, and list of files forming the assembly. An assembly is created whenever a DLL is built. The manifest can be viewed programmatically by making use of classes from the System.Reflection namespace. The tool Intermediate Language Disassembler (ILDASM) can be used for this purpose. It can be launched from the command prompt or via Start> Run.
  11. What is Shadow Copy?In order to replace a COM component on a live web server, it was necessary to stop the entire website, copy the new files and then restart the website. This is not feasible for the web servers that need to be always running. .NET components are different. They can be overwritten at any time using a mechanism called Shadow Copy. It prevents the Portable Executable (PE) files like DLLs and EXEs from being locked. Whenever new versions of the PEs are released, they are automatically detected by the CLR and the changed components will be automatically loaded. They will be used to process all new requests not currently executing, while the older version still runs the currently executing requests. By bleeding out the older version, the update is completed.
  12. What is DLL Hell?DLL hell is the problem that occurs when an installation of a newer application might break or hinder other applications as newer DLLs are copied into the system and the older applications do not support or are not compatible with them. .NET overcomes this problem by supporting multiple versions of an assembly at any given time. This is also called side-by-side component versioning.
  13. Explain Web Services.Web services are programmable business logic components that provide access to functionality through the Internet. Standard protocols like HTTP can be used to access them. Web services are based on the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), which is an application of XML. Web services are given the .asmx extension.
  14. Explain Windows Forms.Windows Forms is employed for developing Windows GUI applications. It is a class library that gives developers access to Windows Common Controls with rich functionality. It is a common GUI library for all the languages supported by the .NET Framework.
  15. What is Postback?When an action occurs (like button click), the page containing all the controls within the <FORM... > tag performs an HTTP POST, while having itself as the target URL. This is called Postback.
  16. Explain the differences between server-side and client-side code?Server side scripting means that all the script will be executed by the server and interpreted as needed. Client side scripting means that the script will be executed immediately in the browser such as form field validation, clock, email validation, etc. Client side scripting is usually done in VBScript or JavaScript. Since the code is included in the HTML page, anyone can see the code by viewing the page source. It also poses as a possible security hazard for the client computer.
  17. Enumerate the types of Directives.
    • @ Page directive
    • @ Import directive
    • @ Implements directive
    • @ Register directive
    • @ Assembly directive
    • @ OutputCache directive
    • @ Reference directive
  18. What is Code-Behind?Code-Behind is a concept where the contents of a page are in one file and the server-side code is in another. This allows different people to work on the same page at the same time and also allows either part of the page to be easily redesigned, with no changes required in the other. An Inherits attribute is added to the @ Page directive to specify the location of the Code-Behind file to the ASP.NET page.
  19. Describe the difference between inline and code behind.Inline code is written along side the HTML in a page. There is no separate distinction between design code and logic code. Code-behind is code written in a separate file and referenced by the .aspx page.
  20. List the ASP.NET validation controls?
    • RequiredFieldValidator
    • RangeValidator
    • CompareValidator
    • RegularExpressionValidator
    • CustomValidator
    • ValidationSummary
  21. What is Data Binding?Data binding is a way used to connect values from a collection of data (e.g. DataSet) to the controls on a web form. The values from the dataset are automatically displayed in the controls without having to write separate code to display them.
  22. Describe Paging in ASP.NET.The DataGrid control in ASP.NET enables easy paging of the data. The AllowPaging property of the DataGrid can be set to True to perform paging. ASP.NET automatically performs paging and provides the hyperlinks to the other pages in different styles, based on the property that has been set for PagerStyle.Mode.
  23. Should user input data validation occur server-side or client-side? Why?All user input data validation should occur on the server and minimally on the client-side, though it is a good way to reduce server load and network traffic because we can ensure that only data of the appropriate type is submitted from the form. It is totally insecure. The user can view the code used for validation and create a workaround for it. Secondly, the URL of the page that handles the data is freely visible in the original form page. This will allow unscrupulous users to send data from their own forms to your application. Client-side validation can sometimes be performed where deemed appropriate and feasible to provide a richer, more responsive experience for the user.
  24. What is the difference between Server.Transfer and Response.Redirect?
    • Response.Redirect: This tells the browser that the requested page can be found at a new location. The browser then initiates another request to the new page loading its contents in the browser. This results in two requests by the browser.
    • Server.Transfer: It transfers from the first page to the second page on the server. As far as the browser client is concerned, it made one request and the initial page is the one responding with content. The benefit of this approach is one less round trip to the server from the client browser. Also, any posted form variables and query string parameters are available to the second page as well.
  1. What is an interface and what is an abstract class?In an interface, all methods must be abstract (must not be defined). In an abstract class, some methods can be defined. In an interface, no accessibility modifiers are allowed, whereas it is allowed in abstract classes.
  2. Session state vs. View state:In some cases, using view state is not feasible. The alternative for view state is session state. Session state is employed under the following situations:
    • Large amounts of data - View state tends to increase the size of both the HTML page sent to the browser and the size of form posted back. Hence session state is used.
    • Secure data - Though the view state data is encoded and may be encrypted, it is better and secure if no sensitive data is sent to the client. Thus, session state is a more secure option.
    • Problems in serializing of objects into view state - View state is efficient for a small set of data. Other types like DataSet are slower and can generate a very large view state.
  3. Can two different programming languages be mixed in a single ASPX file?ASP.NET’s built-in parsers are used to remove code from ASPX files and create temporary files. Each parser understands only one language. Therefore mixing of languages in a single ASPX file is not possible.
  4. Is it possible to see the code that ASP.NET generates from an ASPX file?By enabling debugging using a <%@ Page Debug="true" %> directive in the ASPX file or a <compilation debug="true"> statement in Web.config, the generated code can be viewed. The code is stored in a CS or VB file (usually in the \%SystemRoot%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.nnnn\Temporary ASP.NET Files).
  5. Can a custom .NET data type be used in a Web form?This can be achieved by placing the DLL containing the custom data type in the application root’s bin directory and ASP.NET will automatically load the DLL when the type is referenced.
  6. List the event handlers that can be included in Global.asax?
    • Application start and end event handlers
    • Session start and end event handlers
    • Per-request event handlers
    • Non-deterministic event handlers
  7. Can the view state be protected from tampering?This can be achieved by including an @ Page directive with an EnableViewStateMac=“true” attribute in each ASPX file that has to be protected. Another way is to include the <pages enableViewStateMac="true" /> statement in the Web.config file.
  8. Can the view state be encrypted?The view state can be encrypted by setting EnableViewStateMac to true and either modifying the <machineKey> element in Machine.config to <machineKey validation="3DES” /> or by adding the above statement to Web.config.
  9. When during the page processing cycle is ViewState available?The view state is available after the Init() and before the Render() methods are called during Page load.
  10. Do Web controls support Cascading Style Sheets?All Web controls inherit a property named CssClass from the base class System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebControl which can be used to control the properties of the web control.
  11. What namespaces are imported by default in ASPX files?The following namespaces are imported by default. Other namespaces must be imported manually using @ Import directives.
    • System
    • System.Collections
    • System.Collections.Specialized
    • System.Configuration
    • System.Text
    • System.Text.RegularExpressions
    • System.Web
    • System.Web.Caching
    • System.Web.Security
    • System.Web.SessionState
    • System.Web.UI
    • System.Web.UI.HtmlControls
    • System.Web.UI.WebControls
  12. What classes are needed to send e-mail from an ASP.NET application?The classes MailMessage and SmtpMail have to be used to send email from an ASP.NET application. MailMessage and SmtpMail are classes defined in the .NET Framework Class Library’s System.Web.Mail namespace.
  13. Why do some web service classes derive from System.Web.WebServices while others do not?Those Web Service classes which employ objects like Application, Session, Context, Server, and User have to derive from System.Web.WebServices. If it does not use these objects, it is not necessary to be derived from it.
  14. What are VSDISCO files?VSDISCO files are DISCO files that enable dynamic discovery of Web Services. ASP.NET links the VSDISCO to a HTTP handler that scans the host directory and subdirectories for ASMX and DISCO files and returns a dynamically generated DISCO document. A client who requests a VSDISCO file gets back what appears to be a static DISCO document.
  15. How can files be uploaded to Web pages in ASP.NET?This can be done by using the HtmlInputFile class to declare an instance of an <input type="file" runat="server"/> tag. Then, a byte[] can be declared to read in the data from the input file. This can then be sent to the server.
  16. How do I create an ASPX page that periodically refreshes itself?The following META tag can be used as a trigger to automatically refresh the page every n seconds:
    <meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="nn">
  17. How do I initialize a TextBox whose TextMode is “password”, with a password?The TextBox’s Text property cannot be used to assign a value to a password field. Instead, its Value field can be used for that purpose.
    <asp:TextBox Value="imbatman" TextMode="Password"                        ID="Password" RunAt="server" />
  18. Why does the control’s PostedFile property always show null when using HtmlInputFile control to upload files to a Web server?This occurs when an enctype="multipart/form-data" attribute is missing in the <form> tag.
  19. How can the focus be set to a specific control when a Web form loads?This can be achieved by using client-side script:
    document.forms[0].TextBox1.focus ()

    The above code will set the focus to a TextBox named TextBox1 when the page loads.

  20. How does System.Web.UI.Page’s IsPostBack property work?IsPostBack checks to see whether the HTTP request is accompanied by postback data containing a __VIEWSTATE or __EVENTTARGET parameter. If there are none, then it is not a postback.
  21. What is WSDL?WSDL is an XML format for describing network services as a set of endpoints operating on messages containing either document-oriented or procedure-oriented information. The operations and messages are described abstractly, and then bound to a concrete network protocol and message format to define an endpoint. Related concrete endpoints are combined into abstract endpoints (services). (Source: www.w3.org)
  22. What is UDDI?UDDI stands for Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration. It is like an “Yellow Pages” for Web Services. It is maintained by Microsoft, IBM, and Ariba, and is designed to provide detailed information regarding registered Web Services for all vendors. The UDDI can be queried for specific Web Services.
  23. Is it possible to generate the source code for an ASP.NET Web service from a WSDL?The Wsdl.exe tool (.NET Framework SDK) can be used to generate source code for an ASP.NET web service with its WSDL link.Example: wsdl /server http://api.google.com/GoogleSearch.wsdl.
  24. Why do uploads fail while using an ASP.NET file upload control to upload large files?ASP.NET limits the size of file uploads for security purposes. The default size is 4 MB. This can be changed by modifying the maxRequestLength attribute of Machine.config’s <httpRuntime> element.
  25. Describe the difference between inline and code behind.Inline code is written along side the HTML in a page. Code-behind is code written in a separate file and referenced by the .aspx page.
  1. Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe in the page loading process.inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension), the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.
  2. Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?Valid answers are:
    • A DataSet can represent an entire relational database in memory, complete with tables, relations, and views.
    • A DataSet is designed to work without any continuing connection to the original data source.
    • Data in a DataSet is bulk-loaded, rather than being loaded on demand.
    • There’s no concept of cursor types in a DataSet.
    • DataSets have no current record pointer You can use For Each loops to move through the data.
    • You can store many edits in a DataSet, and write them to the original data source in a single operation.
    • Though the DataSet is universal, other objects in ADO.NET come in different versions for different data sources.
  3. What’s a bubbled event?When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button, row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents.
  4. What data types do the RangeValidator control support?Integer, String, and Date.
  5. Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one?The DiffGram is one of the two XML formats that you can use to render DataSet object contents to XML. A good use is reading database data to an XML file to be sent to a Web Service.
  6. What is the transport protocol you use to call a Web service?SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is the preferred protocol.
  7. What is ViewState?ViewState allows the state of objects (serializable) to be stored in a hidden field on the page. ViewState is transported to the client and back to the server, and is not stored on the server or any other external source. ViewState is used the retain the state of server-side objects between postabacks.
  8. What does the “EnableViewState” property do? Why would I want it on or off?It allows the page to save the users input on a form across postbacks. It saves the server-side values for a given control into ViewState, which is stored as a hidden value on the page before sending the page to the clients browser. When the page is posted back to the server the server control is recreated with the state stored in viewstate.
  9. What are the different types of Session state management options available with ASP.NET?ASP.NET provides In-Process and Out-of-Process state management. In-Process stores the session in memory on the web server. This requires the a “sticky-server” (or no load-balancing) so that the user is always reconnected to the same web server. Out-of-Process Session state management stores data in an external data source. The external data source may be either a SQL Server or a State Server service. Out-of-Process state management requires that all objects stored in session are serializable.
  10. Differences Between XML and HTML?Anyone with a fundamental grasp of XML should be able describe some of the main differences outlined in the table below

    XML

    HTML
    User definable tags Defined set of tags designed for web display
    Content driven Format driven
    End tags required for well formed documents End tags not required
    Quotes required around attributes values Quotes not required
    Slash required in empty tags Slash not required
  11. Give a few examples of types of applications that can benefit from using XML.There are literally thousands of applications that can benefit from XML technologies. The point of this question is not to have the candidate rattle off a laundry list of projects that they have worked on, but, rather, to allow the candidate to explain the rationale for choosing XML by citing a few real world examples. For instance, one appropriate answer is that XML allows content management systems to store documents independently of their format, which thereby reduces data redundancy. Another answer relates to B2B exchanges or supply chain management systems. In these instances, XML provides a mechanism for multiple companies to exchange data according to an agreed upon set of rules. A third common response involves wireless applications that require WML to render data on hand held devices.
  12. What is DOM and how does it relate to XML?The Document Object (DOM) is an interface specification maintained by the W3C DOM Workgroup that defines an application independent mechanism to access, parse, or update XML data. In simple terms it is a hierarchical that allows developers to manipulate XML documents easily Any developer that has worked extensively with XML should be able to discuss the concept and use of DOM objects freely. Additionally, it is not unreasonable to expect advanced candidates to thoroughly understand its internal workings and be able to explain how DOM differs from an event-based interface like SAX.
  13. What is SOAP and how does it relate to XML?The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) uses XML to define a protocol for the exchange of information in distributed computing environments. SOAP consists of three components: an envelope, a set of encoding rules, and a convention for representing remote procedure calls. Unless experience with SOAP is a direct requirement for the open position, knowing the specifics of the protocol, or how it can be used in conjunction with HTTP, is not as important as identifying it as a natural application of XML.
  14. Can you walk us through the steps necessary to parse XML documents?Superficially, this is a fairly basic question. However, the point is not to determine whether candidates understand the concept of a parser but rather have them walk through the process of parsing XML documents step-by-step. Determining whether a non-validating or validating parser is needed, choosing the appropriate parser, and handling errors are all important aspects to this process that should be included in the candidate’s response.
  15. What are possible implementations of distributed applications in .NET?.NET Remoting and ASP.NET Web Services. If we talk about the Framework Class Library, noteworthy classes are in System.Runtime.Remoting and System.Web.Services.
  16. What are the consideration in deciding to use .NET Remoting or ASP.NET Web Services?Remoting is a more efficient communication exchange when you can control both ends of the application involved in the communication process. Web Services provide an open-protocol-based exchange of informaion. Web Services are best when you need to communicate with an external organization or another (non-.NET) technology.
  17. What’s a proxy of the server object in .NET Remoting?It’s a fake copy of the server object that resides on the client side and behaves as if it was the server. It handles the communication between real server object and the client object. This process is also known as marshaling.
  18. What are remotable objects in .NET Remoting?Remotable objects are the objects that can be marshaled across the application domains. You can marshal by value, where a deep copy of the object is created and then passed to the receiver. You can also marshal by reference, where just a reference to an existing object is passed.
  19. What are channels in .NET Remoting?Channels represent the objects that transfer the other serialized objects from one application domain to another and from one computer to another, as well as one process to another on the same box. A channel must exist before an object can be transferred.
  20. What security measures exist for .NET Remoting in System.Runtime.Remoting?None. Security should be taken care of at the application level. Cryptography and other security techniques can be applied at application or server level.
  21. What is a formatter?A formatter is an object that is responsible for encoding and serializing data into messages on one end, and deserializing and decoding messages into data on the other end.
  22. Choosing between HTTP and TCP for protocols and Binary and SOAP for formatters, what are the trade-offs?Binary over TCP is the most effiecient, SOAP over HTTP is the most interoperable.
  23. What’s SingleCall activation mode used for?If the server object is instantiated for responding to just one single request, the request should be made in SingleCall mode.
  24. What’s Singleton activation mode?A single object is instantiated regardless of the number of clients accessing it. Lifetime of this object is determined by lifetime lease.
  25. How do you define the lease of the object?By implementing ILease interface when writing the class code.
  26. Can you configure a .NET Remoting object via XML file?Yes, via machine.config and application level .config file (or web.config in ASP.NET). Application-level XML settings take precedence over machine.config.
  27. How can you automatically generate interface for the remotable object in .NET with Microsoft tools?Use the Soapsuds tool.

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  1. Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe in the page loading process.
    inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension), the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.
     

  2. What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
    Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output. 
     
  3. What methods are fired during the page load?
    Init() - when the page is instantiated
    Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory
    PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user as HTML
    Unload() - when page finishes loading. 
     
  4. When during the page processing cycle is ViewState available?
    After the Init() and before the Page_Load(), or OnLoad() for a control. 
     
  5. What namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
    System.Web.UI.Page 
     
  6. Where do you store the information about the user’s locale?
    System.Web.UI.Page.Culture 
     
  7. What’s the difference between Codebehind=”MyCode.aspx.cs” andsrc=”MyCode.aspx.cs” mce_src=”MyCode.aspx.cs”?
    CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only. 
     
  8. What’s a bubbled event?
    When you have a complex control, like DataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button, row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of its constituents. 
     
  9. Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver for a certain button.  Where do you add an event handler?
    Add an OnMouseOver attribute to the button.  Example: btnSubmit.Attributes.Add(”onmouseover”,”someClientCodeHere();”); 
     
  10. What data types do the RangeValidator control support?
    Integer, String, and Date. 
     
  11. Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
    Server-side code executes on the server.  Client-side code executes in the client’s browser. 
     
  12. What type of code (server or client) is found in a Code-Behind class?
    The answer is server-side code since code-behind is executed on the server.  However, during the code-behind’s on the server, it can render client-side code such as JavaScript to be processed in the clients browser.  But just to be clear, code-behind executes on the server, thus making it server-side code. 
     
  13. Should user input data validation occur server-side or client-side?  Why?
    All user input data validation should occur on the server at a minimum.  Additionally, client-side validation can be performed where deemed appropriate and feasable to provide a richer, more responsive experience for the user. 
     
  14. What is the difference between Server.Transfer and Response.Redirect?  Why would I choose one over the other?
    Server.Transfer transfers page processing from one page directly to the next page without making a round-trip back to the client’s browser.  This provides a faster response with a little less overhead on the server.  Server.Transfer does not update the clients url history list or current url.  Response.Redirect is used to redirect the user’s browser to another page or site.  This performas a trip back to the client where the client’s browser is redirected to the new page.  The user’s browser history list is updated to reflect the new address. 
     
  15. Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?
    Valid answers are:
    ·      A DataSet can represent an entire relational database in memory, complete with tables, relations, and views.
    ·  A DataSet is designed to work without any continuing connection to the original data source.
    ·  Data in a DataSet is bulk-loaded, rather than being loaded on demand.
    ·  There’s no concept of cursor types in a DataSet.
    ·  DataSets have no current record pointer You can use For Each loops to move through the data.
    ·  You can store many edits in a DataSet, and write them to the original data source in a single operation.
    ·  Though the DataSet is universal, other objects in ADO.NET come in different versions for different data sources. 
     
  16. What is the Global.asax used for?
    The Global.asax (including the Global.asax.cs file) is used to implement application and session level events. 
     
  17. What are the Application_Start and Session_Start subroutines used for?
    This is where you can set the specific variables for the Application and Session objects. 
     
  18. Can you explain what inheritance is and an example of when you might use it?
    When you want to inherit (use the functionality of) another class.  Example: With a base class named Employee, a Manager class could be derived from the Employee base class. 
     
  19. Whats an assembly?
    Assemblies are the building blocks of the .NET framework. Overview of assemblies from MSDN 
     
  20. Describe the difference between inline and code behind.
    Inline code written along side the html in a page. Code-behind is code written in a separate file and referenced by the .aspx page. 
     
  21. Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one?
    The DiffGram is one of the two XML formats that you can use to render DataSet object contents to XML.  A good use is reading database data to an XML file to be sent to a Web Service. 
     
  22. Whats MSIL, and why should my developers need an appreciation of it if at all?
    MSIL is the Microsoft Intermediate Language. All .NET compatible languages will get converted to MSIL.  MSIL also allows the .NET Framework to JIT compile the assembly on the installed computer. 
     
  23. Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
    The Fill() method. 
     
  24. Can you edit data in the Repeater control?
    No, it just reads the information from its data source. 
     
  25. Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control?
    ItemTemplate. 
     
  26. How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?
    Use the AlternatingItemTemplate. 
     
  27. What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from a data source to the Repeater control?
    You must set the DataSource property and call the DataBind method. 
     
  28. What base class do all Web Forms inherit from?
    The Page class. 
     
  29. Name two properties common in every validation control?
    ControlToValidate property and Text property. 
     
  30. Which property on a Combo Box do you set with a column name, prior to setting the DataSource, to display data in the combo box?
    DataTextField property. 
     
  31. Which control would you use if you needed to make sure the values in two different controls matched?
    CompareValidator control. 
     
  32. How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
    It can contain many classes.
     

Web Service Questions

  1. What is the transport protocol you use to call a Web service?
    SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is the preferred protocol. 
     
  2. True or False: A Web service can only be written in .NET?
    False 
     
  3. What does WSDL stand for?
    Web Services Description Language. 
     
  4. Where on the Internet would you look for Web services?
    http://www.uddi.org 
     
  5. True or False: To test a Web service you must create a Windows application or Web application to consume this service?
    False, the web service comes with a test page and it provides HTTP-GET method to test.
     

State Management Questions

  1. What is ViewState?
    ViewState allows the state of objects (serializable) to be stored in a hidden field on the page.  ViewState is transported to the client and back to the server, and is not stored on the server or any other external source.  ViewState is used the retain the state of server-side objects between postabacks. 
     
  2. What is the lifespan for items stored in ViewState?
    Item stored in ViewState exist for the life of the current page.  This includes postbacks (to the same page). 
     
  3. What does the “EnableViewState” property do?  Why would I want it on or off?
    It allows the page to save the users input on a form across postbacks.  It saves the server-side values for a given control into ViewState, which is stored as a hidden value on the page before sending the page to the clients browser.  When the page is posted back to the server the server control is recreated with the state stored in viewstate. 
     
  4. What are the different types of Session state management options available with ASP.NET?
    ASP.NET provides In-Process and Out-of-Process state management.  In-Process stores the session in memory on the web server.  This requires the a “sticky-server” (or no load-balancing) so that the user is always reconnected to the same web server.  Out-of-Process Session state management stores data in an external data source.  The external data source may be either a SQL Server or a State Server service.  Out-of-Process state management requires that all objects stored in session are serializable.

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  • From constructor to destructor (taking into consideration Dispose() and the concept of non-deterministic finalization), what the are events fired as part of the ASP.NET System.Web.UI.Page lifecycle. Why are they important? What interesting things can you do at each?
  • What are ASHX files?  What are HttpHandlers?  Where can they be configured?
  • What is needed to configure a new extension for use in ASP.NET? For example, what if I wanted my system to serve ASPX files with a *.jsp extension?
  • What events fire when binding data to a data grid? What are they good for?
  • Explain how PostBacks work, on both the client-side and server-side. How do I chain my own JavaScript into the client side without losing PostBack functionality?
  • How does ViewState work and why is it either useful or evil?
  • What is the OO relationship between an ASPX page and its CS/VB code behind file in ASP.NET 1.1? in 2.0?
  • What happens from the point an HTTP request is received on a TCP/IP port up until the Page fires the On_Load event?
  • How does IIS communicate at runtime with ASP.NET?  Where is ASP.NET at runtime in IIS5? IIS6?
  • What is an assembly binding redirect? Where are the places an administrator or developer can affect how assembly binding policy is applied?
  • Compare and contrast LoadLibrary(), CoCreateInstance(), CreateObject() and Assembly.Load().

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  1. Describe the difference between a Thread and a Process?
  2. What is a Windows Service and how does its lifecycle differ from a .standard. EXE?
  3. What is the maximum amount of memory any single process on Windows can address? Is this different than the maximum virtual memory for the system? How would this affect a system design?
  4. What is the difference between an EXE and a DLL?
  5. What is strong-typing versus weak-typing? Which is preferred? Why?
  6. What.s wrong with a line like this? DateTime.Parse(myString
  7. What are PDBs? Where must they be located for debugging to work?
  8. What is cyclomatic complexity and why is it important?
  9. Write a standard lock() plus double check to create a critical section around a variable access.
  10. What is FullTrust? Do GAC’ed assemblies have FullTrust?
  11. What benefit does your code receive if you decorate it with attributes demanding specific Security permissions?
  12. What does this do? gacutil /l | find /i “about”
  13. What does this do? sn -t foo.dll
  14. What ports must be open for DCOM over a firewall? What is the purpose of Port 135?
  15. Contrast OOP and SOA. What are tenets of each
  16. How does the XmlSerializer work? What ACL permissions does a process using it require?
  17. Why is catch(Exception) almost always a bad idea?
  18. What is the difference between Debug.Write and Trace.Write? When should each be used?
  19. What is the difference between a Debug and Release build? Is there a significant speed difference? Why or why not?
  20. Does JITting occur per-assembly or per-method? How does this affect the working set?
  21. Contrast the use of an abstract base class against an interface?
  22. What is the difference between a.Equals(b) and a == b?
  23. In the context of a comparison, what is object identity versus object equivalence?
  24. How would one do a deep copy in .NET?
  25. Explain current thinking around IClonable.
  26. What is boxing?
  27. Is string a value type or a reference type?

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  1. What types of data validation events are commonly seen in the client-side form validation?
  2. In A Page I have gridview with Options of select and delete using hyperlink when i am selecting any one of then it has to open another page how can it
  3. Web service support a) Data set b) dataReader c) both of above d) none of above
  4. How to create dynamic Gridview?
  5. What is PreProcessor in .NET and type , where it use
  6. Please brief not about XSD,XSLT & XML.
  7. List of Words of PreProcessor in .NET?
  8. If we remove web.config or machine.config from the application then, will the application still work?
  9. How to reduce the width of textbox in EditCommandColumn of DataGrid?
  10. Which dll handles the request of .aspx page?
  11. What is event bubbling?
  12. What is server infrastructure & Server components?
  13. What is IPostBack? How to use it?
  14. How to create a DB connection at one place/page so that we can use that connection for all pages/forms/windows.whatarethe steps ned to be performed. if question not clear,let me know.
  15. What is diff. between abstract class and an interface? * What is shadowing? * Diff between Overriding and overloading
  16. What is DLL hell?
  17. Can you explain the difference between an ADO.NET Dataset and an ADO Recordset?
  18. What is CLR? 2.1. Diff between CLR & CTS
  19. Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
  20. Which namespace is used to get assembly details?
  21. What is the difference between Server.Transfer and Response.Redirect? Why would I choose one over the other?
  22. What type of code (server or client) is found in a Code-Behind class?
  23. ColumnMapping belongs to which namespaces?
  24. Can you give an example of when it would be appropriate to use a web service as opposed to a non-serviced .NET component
  25. Should validation (did the user enter a real date) occur server-side or client-side? Why?
  26. What is an abstract class?
  27. What tags do you need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually?
  28. What method do you use to explicitly kill a user s session?
  29. What base class do all Web Forms inherit from?
  30. How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?
  31. Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control?
  32. Can you edit data in the Repeater control?
  33. Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
  34. In order to get assembly info whcih namespace we should import?
  35. What is the root namespace for all types?
  36. Diff. betn Dataset and Recordset.
  37. Diff between Dataset and Datareader?
  38. Trace and Debug belongs to which namespaces?
  39. What does the “EnableViewState” property do? Why would I want it on or off?
  40. Let’s say I have an existing application written using Visual Studio 6 (VB 6, InterDev 6) and this application utilizes Windows 2000 COM+ transaction services. How would you approach migrating this application to .NET
  41. DIff. between Friend and Protected Friend.
  42. How doyoudeclare static variable and how it is declared and what is its lifetime?
  43. How doesyouget record no from 5 to 15 from a dataset of 100 records?
  44. Why Datareader is useful?
  45. How doesyoucall and execute a SP in .NET?
  46. What is versioning in .NET?
  47. Whatarethe ASP.NET list controls and diff. between them?
  48. What is diff. between ASP State Management and ASP.NET State Management?(Imp) 19. How can we pass info between 2 asp.net pages?
  49. Diff between Web User Control and Web Custom Control.
  50. How do we Sort the data from a Dataset?
  51. How do we get only edited/deleted/inserted records from a Dataset?
  52. How Dataadapter.fill works?
  53. How can we implement a Identity (SQL Server) call in an asp.net page?
  54. What is Viewstate?
  55. What is the life cycle of an asp.net page?
  56. Can you give an example of what might be best suited to place in the Application_Start and Session_Start subroutines?
  57. If I’m developing an application that must accomodate multiple security levels though secure login and my ASP.NET web appplication is spanned across three web-servers (using round-robbin load balancing) what would be the best approach to maintain login-in state for the users?
  58. What are ASP.NET Web Forms? How is this technology different than what is available though ASP (1.0-3.0)?
  59. How does VB.NET/Cachieve polymorphism?
  60. Can you explain what inheritance is and an example of when you might use it?
  61. How would you implement inheritance using VB.NET/C#?
  62. What is an assembly
  63. What is .NET remoting?
  64. What are webservices?
  65. What is CLR?
  66. What is delay signing?
  67. Which namespace is used by ADO.NET?
  68. What are client activated objects and server activated objects?
  69. What is difference between singleton and single call?
  70. What is difference between OR and ORElse?
  71. What are delegates?
  72. Describe the difference between inline and code behind - which is best in a
  73. Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one
  74. Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of any
  75. What are the disadvantages of viewstate/what are the benefits
  76. Describe session handling in a webfarm, how does it work and what are the > limits
  77. How would you get ASP.NET running in Apache web servers - why would you even do this?
  78. Whats MSIL, and why should my developers need an appreciation of it if at all?
  79. In what order do the events of an ASPX page execute. As a developer is it important to undertsand these events?
  80. What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from some data source to the Repeater control?
  81. How do you turn off cookies for one page in your site?
  82. Which two properties are on every validation control?
  83. How do you create a permanent cookie?
  84. What tag do you use to add a hyperlink column to the DataGrid?
  85. What is the standard you use to wrap up a call to a Web service
  86. Which method do you use to redirect the user to another page without performing a round trip to the client?
  87. What is the transport protocol you use to call a Web service SOAP
  88. What does WSDL stand for?
  89. What property do you have to set to tell the grid which page to go to when using the Pager object?
  90. What tags do you need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually.
  91. Which property on a Combo Box do you set with a column name, prior to setting the DataSource, to display data in the combo box?
  92. How is a property designated as read-only?
  93. Which control would you use if you needed to make sure the values in two different controls matched?
  94. How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
  95. Name some of the Microsoft Application Blocks. Have you used any? Which ones?
  96. Can a .NET web application consume Java web service ?
  97. How to rename a table using sql queries?
  98. Distinguish the differences between client-side and server-side data validations in web pages.
  99. What is smoke testing?
  100. What is the difference between a defect and an enhancement?

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What is application object ?

What’s the difference between Cache object and application object ?

How can get access to cache object ?

What are dependencies in cache and types of dependencies ?

Can you show a simple code showing file dependency in cache ?

What is Cache Callback in Cache ?

What is scavenging ?

What are different types of caching using cache object of ASP.NET?

How can you cache different version of same page using ASP.NET cache object ?

How will implement Page Fragment Caching ?

What are ASP.NET session and compare ASP.NET session with classic ASP session
variables?

Which various modes of storing ASP.NET session ?

Is Session_End event supported in all session modes ?

What are the precautions you will take in order that StateServer Mode work
properly ?

What are the precautions you will take in order that SQLSERVER Mode work
properly ?

Where do you specify session state mode in ASP.NET ?

What are the other ways you can maintain state ?

What are benefits and Limitation of using Hidden fields ?

What is ViewState ?

Do performance vary for viewstate according to User controls ?

What are benefits and Limitation of using Viewstate for state management?

How an you use Hidden frames to cache client data ?

What are benefits and Limitation of using Hidden frames?

What are benefits and Limitation of using Cookies?

What is Query String and What are benefits and Limitation of using Query
Strings?

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 What’s the sequence in which ASP.NET events are processed ?

In which event are the controls fully loaded ?

How can we identify that the Page is PostBack ?

How does ASP.NET maintain state in between subsequent request ?

What is event bubbling ?

How do we assign page specific attributes ?

Administrator wants to make a security check that no one has tampered with
ViewState , how can we ensure this ?

What’s the use of @ Register directives ?

What’s the use of SmartNavigation property ?

What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file ?

Where is ViewState information stored ?

What’s the use of @ OutputCache directive in ASP.NET?

How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET ?

How many types of validation controls are provided by ASP.NET ?

Can you explain what is “AutoPostBack” feature in ASP.NET ?

How can you enable automatic paging in DataGrid ?

What’s the use of “GLOBAL.ASAX” file ?

What’s the difference between “Web.config” and “Machine.Config” ?

What’s a SESSION and APPLICATION object ?

What’s difference between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect ?

What’s difference between Authentication and authorization?

What is impersonation in ASP.NET ?

Can you explain in brief how the ASP.NET authentication process works?

What are the various ways of authentication techniques in ASP.NET?

How does authorization work in ASP.NET?

What’s difference between Datagrid , Datalist and repeater ?

From performance point of view how do they rate ?

What’s the method to customize columns in DataGrid?

How can we format data inside DataGrid?

How will decide the design consideration to take a Datagrid , datalist or
repeater ?

Difference between ASP and ASP.NET?

What are major events in GLOBAL.ASAX file ?

What order they are triggered ?

Do session use cookies ?

How can we force all the validation control to run ?

How can we check if all the validation control are valid and proper ?

If you have client side validation is enabled in your Web page , Does that mean
server side code is not run?

Which JavaScript file is referenced for validating the validators at the client
side ?

How to disable client side script in validators?

I want to show the entire validation error message in a message box on the
client side?

You find that one of your validation is very complicated and does not fit in any
of the validators , so what will you do ?

What is Tracing in ASP.NET ?

How do we enable tracing ?

What exactly happens when ASPX page is requested from Browser?

How can we kill a user session ?

How do you upload a file in ASP.NET ?

How do I send email message from ASP.NET ?

What are different IIS isolation levels?

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